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Desert 'carbon Farming' To Curb CO2

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Desert 'carbon farming' to curb CO2

1 August 2013

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By Matt McGrath

Environment reporter, BBC News

Scientists say that planting big numbers of jatropha trees in desert areas might be an effective method of curbing emissions of CO2.

Dubbed "carbon farming", researchers state the concept is economically competitive with high-tech carbon capture and storage projects.

But critics say the idea could be have unpredicted, unfavorable impacts consisting of increasing food costs.

The research has been released, external in the journal Earth System Dynamics.

Seeds of change

Jatropha curcas is a plant that came from in Central America and is very well adjusted to extreme conditions consisting of incredibly arid deserts.

It is already grown as a biofuel, external in some parts of the world since its seeds can produce oil.

In this research study, German researchers revealed that one hectare of jatropha could capture approximately 25 tonnes of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere every year. The researchers based their price quotes on trees currently growing in trial plots in Egypt and in the Negev desert.

"The results are frustrating," said Prof Klaus Becker, from the University of Hohenheim in Stuttgart.

"There was good development, an excellent reaction from these plants. I feel there will be no issue trying it on a much larger scale, for instance ten thousand hectares in the start," he stated.

According to the scientists a plantation that would cover 3 percent of the Arabian desert would take in all the CO2 produced by cars and trucks and trucks in Germany over a 20 year duration.

The scientists say that a critical element of the strategy would be the accessibility of desalination centers. This means that initially, any plantations would be confined to coastal areas.

They are intending to develop larger trials in desert areas of Oman or Qatar. Prof Becker states that unlike other plans that just balance out the carbon that individuals produce, the planting of jatropha could be a good, short-term service to climate modification.

"I think it is a great concept since we are actually extracting carbon dioxide from the atmosphere - and it is entirely different between extracting and avoiding."

According to the scientist's calculations the expenses of curbing co2 through the planting of trees would be between 42 and 63 euros per tonne. This makes it competitive with other techniques, such as the more high tech carbon capture and storage, external (CCS).

A variety of countries are presently trialling this technology, external but it has yet to be deployed commercially.

Growing jatropha not only absorbs CO2 but has other benefits. The plants would assist to make desert areas more habitable, and the plant's seeds can be gathered for biofuel say the researchers, supplying a financial return.

"Jatropha is perfect to be turned into biokerosene - it is even much better than biodiesel," stated Prof Becker.

But other professionals in this location are not persuaded. They point to the reality that in 2007 and 2008 great deals of jatropha trees were planted for biofuel, particularly in Africa. But a lot of these endeavors ended in tears,, external as the plants were not very effective in conditions.

Lucy Hurn is the biofuels project supervisor for the charity, Actionaid. She says that while jatropha was when seen as the great, green hope the truth was extremely various.

"When jatropha was presented it was seen as a miracle crop, it would grow on scrubland or marginal land," she stated.

"But there are often individuals who require marginal land to graze their animals, they are getting food from that location - we wouldn't class the land as limited."

She mentioned that jatropha is highly harmful and can contaminate the land it is grown on, even in a desert. And she likewise had issues about the fairness of the idea.

"It is still somebody else's land. Why enter and grow these enormous plantations to handle a problem these people didn't in fact trigger?"

Follow Matt on Twitter, external.

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