• 목록
• 답변
• 글쓰기
• 게시판 리스트 옵션
  • 수정
  • 삭제

ADHD Medications - What Are the Side Effects?

Many people suffering from ADHD are treated with medication. It can improve symptoms, but it can also have negative side effects. If you experience adverse effects, speak to your GP about them.

Stimulants are among the most popular type of prescription medication that healthcare doctors prescribe to treat ADHD. These drugs increase the amount of brain chemicals referred to as neurotransmitters, which control the behavior and attention.

Methylphenidate

Methylphenidate is a first-choice stimulant used to treat ADHD in both adults and children. It works by increasing the activity of brain regions that control attention and behavior. Methylphenidate may also be used to treat other ailments like narcolepsy. It can help people with narcolepsy to stay awake and improve their ability focus and pay attention.

This medication has a high abuse potential and is classified as a Schedule II drug in the US Drug Enforcement Agency. Taking this medication exactly as recommended can decrease the chance for abuse and other side effects. Methylphenidate can cause psychotic symptoms in a few people. It can also worsen the behavior and tics of patients suffering from Tourette syndrome or bipolar disorder. Patients with these conditions should consult their doctor before starting this medication.

It's important to tell your doctor if there are any other health issues or are allergic to any food or dyes (such as tartrazine, which is a yellow dye present in processed foods as well as some medicines; if you're taking Adhansia XR). Methylphenidate can interact with certain medications, including opioids, antidepressants, and monoamine oxide inhibitors, like isocarboxazid (Marplan) Linezolid (Zyvox), methylene blue, phenelzine (Nardil) or rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate).

It's also important to avoid drinking alcohol or other stimulant drugs while taking methylphenidate. These drugs may affect your heart rate and blood pressure. The immediate-release methylphenidate tablet (Ritalin) as well as the oral disintegrating capsule that acts long-term and chewable tablet (Quillichew-ER and Cotempla-XR -ODT), and the chewable tablets that have a long-acting action (Quillichew-ER and Cotempla-XR-ODT) contain the chemical phenylalanine. It can be a risk when a genetic condition such as phenylketonuria is present.

Bupropion

Bupropion, a medication that treats depression works on the brain and improves mood. It also helps reduce symptoms of ADHD. It can also be used to treat depression and seasonal affective disorder (SAD) which is a kind of depression that occurs in the fall and winter months. It can also be used to aid people in quitting smoking cigarettes by reducing cravings for nicotine and withdrawal symptoms.

Numerous studies on adults have shown that bupropion can improve ADHD symptoms compared to placebo. The pooled fixed effect RR for improvements in week 6 (using the criteria of a clinically significant improvement of 30% or greater on the CGI) is 1.14 (95%CI 0.95-1.37). remedies for adhd in Adults the overall response, this is 52 percent of the bupropion group and 37% of the placebo group.

Bupropion can have serious and sometimes life-threatening interactions with several different drugs, including sedatives antidepressants and some blood pressure medications. It can also increase the risk of seizure in people who have an history of high blood pressure or seizures. It is contraindicated in certain medical conditions and women who are pregnant or nursing should not take it. Bupropion is available in the form of brand-name drugs Wellbutrin SR and Wellbutrin XL. It is also available as Zyban, Budeprion SR. Aplenzin and Forfivo XL. It is also available in generic form.

Tricyclic antidepressants

Tricyclic Antidepressants (or TCAs are a class of drugs that work by affecting brain chemicals. They were among the first antidepressants to be developed. Although they aren't considered a first-line treatment for depression, they may still be effective for certain people. They work by preventing the reuptakes of dopamine and serotonin, thereby increasing their levels of availability in neurons. They are also helpful in easing a variety of other disorders, including pain syndromes and enuresis such as fibromyalgia, phantom leg syndrome.

TCAs can be effective in treating ADHD symptoms, whether they are administered on their own or with stimulants. They can improve core symptoms, and can reduce depression, anxiety and impulsiveness. They can also assist in managing the tics. These are uncontrollable repetitive actions or sounds like blinking or clearing the throat.

TCAs may cause adverse reactions, including sedation and dry mouth, and can increase the risk of heart problems. These medications can interfere dealing with adhd without medication other medications like anticholinergics and should not be taken by pregnant women. They are also known to be teratogenic in animals and can cross the placenta. Talk to your doctor if you're concerned. There are antidepressants that are more recent with a lower risk of side negative effects.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

SSRIs are a class of antidepressants that hinder serotonin reuptake by neuronal cells and increase the amount of serotonin for signaling. They also decrease anxiety and impulse-driven behavior. They are utilized to treat adhd since they can assist some people with their symptoms and work well in conjunction with other drugs. Examples of SSRIs include fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine and citalopram. They exhibit linear pharmacokinetics and have a low clearance from the body, but they are extensively metabolized in the liver by CYP450 enzymes. This causes varying blood concentrations.

These drugs can also be prescribed to treat other disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and generalized anxiety disorder and bulimia nervosa. The SSRIs fluoxetine, escitalopram, and sertraline can help to reduce PTSD symptoms. They don't appear to be effective in treating other PTSD symptoms.

The SSRIs can cause a rare side effect of sexual dysfunction. If you are thinking about taking one of these medications, it is important to talk with your doctor. It is normal for people to have to test a variety of ADHD medication before they can find the one that is most effective for them. Research and development of new medications is ongoing. It is crucial to inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are taking.

Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

When stimulant drugs do not help adults suffering from ADHD doctors prescribe a selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). These drugs increase levels of norepinephrine, and serotonin, two brain chemicals. They also improve mood and reduce anxiety and depression.

SNRIs are similar to TCAs however they are safer and have fewer adverse effects. They are used to treat a variety of conditions, including anxiety disorders as well as chronic pain, such as fibromyalgia or nerve pain. Sometimes they are used to treat depression as well. SNRIs are duloxetine, (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor).

They work by preventing the absorption (reuptake) of norepinephrine which is a natural reaction in the brain following neurotransmission. This results in a larger-than-normal phasic release of norepinephrine. The rise in levels of norepinephrine can improve attention and mood.

Although SNRIs aren't approved by the FDA to treat ADHD, some doctors use as an alternative to stimulants. They are usually taken as pills. However they can also be taken in liquid form or in patches. In April 2021 the FDA approved an oral SNRI known as viloxazine (Qelbree) to treat ADHD in kids and adolescents. It is not a controlled substance since it doesn't have the potential of being abused.

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

SNRIs are antidepressants that alter the levels of serotonin as well as norepinephrine in the brain. They are prescribed to treat anxiety and depression disorders, but also aid in the management of ADHD symptoms. Numerous studies have demonstrated that SNRI medications, such as duloxetine and venlafaxine can significantly reduce the score types of adhd medication various ADHD questionnaires. However, SNRIs can increase a person's blood pressure, and can interact with certain drugs. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor before taking these drugs. Additionally, improperly discarded medications could cause harm to animals and people, so it is important to follow the correct disposal guidelines.

SSRIs and SNRIs have not been approved by the FDA to treat ADHD, but doctors can prescribe them without a prescription. They are effective, safe and have less side effects than stimulants. Speak to your doctor and discuss your child's symptoms.

SNRIs are not suitable for everyone. Women who are pregnant or nursing should stay clear of taking SNRIs as they may be passed through breast milk. People who suffer from high blood pressure or liver problems should not take these medications, either, since they can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular problems.

Selective dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors (DARPIs).

Many people with ADHD find that medication helps increase their focus and concentration. Some people may also notice a reduction in their impulsive behavior. The treatment is usually paired with behavior therapy and training, which aid people to manage their symptoms. It takes time to find the right dosage and dosage for each person. In this process, doctors check physical reactions to find the right balance of benefits and adverse effects.

Stimulant medications, like methylphenidate can increase the activity of a specific brain chemicals that control memory and concentration. They are generally safe and beneficial for the majority of people, however, they may cause serious adverse effects, including decreased appetite and trouble sleeping. These side effects typically disappear within a few days, as your body adjusts to the medication.

Non-stimulant medications are also available for children and adults. They can take longer to take effect but they can enhance concentration and impulse control. These include alpha-2-adrenergic antagonists (atomoxetine and viloxazine) and guanfacine.

Antidepressants are also able to help treat ADHD. They can increase norepinephrine which is a neurotransmitter within the brain that aids in the impulsive behavior and depression. Bupropion is an example an antidepressant that has been employed to treat ADHD. It was prescribed "off-label" but drug makers came up with extended-release versions and the FDA approved its use as an treatment.